Introduction Chemical pesticides used to suppress Fusarium wilt have raised issues with the environment and human safety. For the past 70 years, biological management of plant pathogens has been employed; yet, there are numerous conflicts around its efficacy. Because FWB is harmful, several researchers have gathered methods to regulate it, such as fumigation, which sterilizes … Read more
Introduction Panama disease, also called fusarium fungal wilt, is a soil-borne illness that endangers the development and productivity of a wide range of agricultural crops across the globe. Panama disease, often referred to as banana wilt (FWB), is brought on by an infection with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). There are four pathogenic races … Read more
Introduction Grapes are a significant horticultural crop with a rich history dating back to ancient times. Originating in the North-Western Himalayas, they have spread to North America, Europe, India, and Persia. Grapes thrive in various climatic conditions, requiring a hot and dry climate with optimum temperature (15–40°C) and rainfall (50–60 cm). They are propagated using … Read more
Introduction Apricots, also known as “the golden egg of the sun,” are a crucial fruit crop in dry temperate regions, originating from China and some indigenous to India. They thrive in Mediterranean climates, preferring well-drained, deep, and fertile soil with an alkaline pH. They can survive temperatures as low as 7°C but are sensitive to … Read more
Introduction Fig, an ancient fruit, is believed to have originated from western Asia and spread to other parts of the world through Mediterranean countries. Fig trees, a type of rubber tree, thrive in various climatic conditions, from mid-temperate to tropical and subtropical regions. They thrive in dry weather and light spring rains, but extreme hot … Read more
Introduction Cherry is an important temperate fruit crop. It has high economic value. However, the shelf life of cherries is limited. It belongs to the family “Rosaceae”. Cherries require low temperatures for more yield. Moreover, well-drained and Sandy loam are required for cherry plants to thrive with a pH ranging from 6-7.5. Root cuttings and … Read more
Introduction Pear is among the oldest cultivated plants in the world. It grows in various agroclimatic conditions and can tolerate temperatures from -26 to 46 degrees. That’s why it is known as a hardy crop. Fully mature pear trees attain a height of 10-13 m. The leaves on the tree are 2.5 cm in length … Read more
